Journal: Biology of Sex Differences

Article Title: Sex differences in disease severity and immune responses in murine and human inflammatory arthritis

doi: 10.1186/s13293-026-00840-w

Figure Lengend Snippet: Male CIA mice exhibit higher disease severity compared to females. Male and female CIA and saline control mice were monitored for disease severity and assigned clinical scores from day 21 after the first CII challenge until the end of experiment (day 29). (A) Line graphs representing the mean clinical scores of mice starting from day 1 to day 29. On day 29 after the first CII challenge, mice were euthanized by cardiac puncture under anesthesia for blood and serum collection and storage at −80 °C. Serum concentrations of (B) anti-mouse collagen type II antibodies (left panel) and anti-bovine collagen type II antibodies (right panel) were analyzed by ELISA. N = 5 mice per group. One of two independent experiments. Simple linear regression analysis was performed to determine the statistical difference between the lines. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison post hoc test was used to determine the statistical significance between the groups. (*/ # p ≤ 0.05, ** p ≤ 0.005 and ***/ ### p ≤ 0.0005). In Fig. 1A, # significance of comparisons between CIA and saline control mice; *significance of comparisons between sexes of CIA mice

Article Snippet: Serum levels of mouse anti-collagen antibodies (autoantibodies) and bovine anti-collagen antibodies (antibodies to the immunizing antigen) were determined by ELISA using a Mouse Anti-mouse Type II Collagen IgG Antibody Assay Kit and Mouse Anti-Bovine Type II Collagen IgG Antibody Assay Kit, respectively, according to the manufacture’s protocol (Chondrex Inc. WA, USA).

Techniques: Saline, Control, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Comparison

Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Upregulation of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 3 on fibroblast-like synoviocytes is associated with the development of collagen-induced arthritis via increased interleukin-6 production

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218090

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Development of collagen-induced arthritis in WT and S1P 3 knockout (S1P 3 -KO) mice. Arthritis was evaluated three times per week during Days 21–42. Disease severity was measured by assessing the clinical score of all four paws, in which the maximum possible score for an individual mouse was 16. Statistical analysis was performed at Days 36, 38, 40, and 42. Results are presented as the mean ± SEM (n = 20 mice per group) and were analyzed by t -test with Bonferroni’s correction. * P < 0.05 and ** P < 0.01 (WT vs. KO mice). (B) Synovial inflammation, bone erosion, and cartilage destruction were examined histologically on H&E-stained sections of ankle joints and assigned scores of 1–4. Results are presented as box-and-whisker plots (n = 20 mice per group) and were analyzed by Mann-Whitney U-test. The middle hash, the box, and the whiskers represent the median, interquartile range (IQR), and 10/90 percentile values respectively. * P < 0.05, NS = not significant. (C) Representative images of H&E-stained ankle joint sections are shown at a magnification of 40×. Left panel: WT specimen assigned a score of 3 for all parameters. Right panel: KO specimen assigned a score of 1 for inflammation and 0 for the other parameters. (D) Anti-CII IgG 1 and IgG 2 antibodies in serum from CIA mice were measured in an ELISA. Results are presented as box-and-whisker plots (n = 10 mice per group) and were analyzed by Mann-Whitney U-test. The middle hash, the box, and the whiskers represent the median, IQR, and minimum/maximum values respectively. (E) Expression of TNFα and IL-6 in arthritic synovium was analyzed by real-time RT-PCR. Results are presented as the mean ± SEM (n = 6 mice per group) and were analyzed by t -test. * P < 0.05, NS = not significant.

Article Snippet: Levels of anti-CII IgG 1 and IgG 2 were measured using a Mouse Anti-type II Collagen IgG Subtype Antibody ELISA Kit (Chondrex), according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

Techniques: Knock-Out, Staining, Whisker Assay, MANN-WHITNEY, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Expressing, Quantitative RT-PCR